及时部分 既往症状 Historical Signs

1.1 泛发性、系统性和代谢性既往症状General，systemic and metabolic histOrleal signs

1.1.1 多尿/多饮 Polyuria/polydipsia

1.1.2 体重减轻 Weight loss

1.1.3 体重增加 Weight gain

1.1.4 多食 Polyphagia

1.1.5 厌食/食欲缺乏 Anorexia/inappetence

1.1.6 不生长 Failure to grow

1.1.7 晕厥/虚脱 Syncope/collapse

1.1.8 无力 Weakness

1.2 胃肠/腹部既往症状 Gastrointestinal/abdominal historical signs

1.2.1 流涎/多涎/唾液分泌过多 Ptyalism/salivation/hypersaliVation

1.2.2 呕/干呕 Gagging/retching

1.2.3 吞咽困难 Dysphagia

1.2.4 反流 Regtlrgitation

1.2.5 呕吐 Vomiting

1.2.6 腹泻 Diarrhoea

1.2.7 黑粪症 Melaena

1.2.8 吐血 Haematemesis

1.2.9 便血 Haematochezia

1.2.10 便秘/顽固性便秘 Constipation/obstipation

1.2.11 排便里急后重/排便困难 Faecal tenesmus/dyschezia

1.2.12 排便失禁 Faecal incontionence

1.2.13 胃肠气胀/腹鸣 Flatulence/borborygmus

1.3 心肺系统既往症状 Cardiorespiratory historical signs

1.3.1 咳嗽 Coughing

1.3.2 呼吸困难/呼吸急促 Dyspnoea/tachypnoea

1.3.3 打喷嚏和流鼻涕Sneezing and nasal discharge

1.3.4 鼻衄 Epistaxis

1.3.5 咳血 Haemoptysis

1.3.6 运动不耐受 Exercise intoleranee

1.4 皮肤既往症状 Dermatological historical signs

1.4.1 瘙痒 Pruritus

1.5 神经系统既往症状 Neurological historical signs

1.5.1 抽搐 Seizures

1.5.2 震颤/发抖 Trembling/shivering

1.5.3 共济失调/意识性本体感受缺失 Ataxia/conscious proprioceptive deficits

1.5.4 轻瘫/瘫痪 Paresis/paralysis

1.5.5 昏迷/昏睡 Coma/stupor

1.5.6 行为改变-一般性改变 Altered behaviour——general changes

1.5.7 行为改变-特异性行为问题 Altered behaviour-specific behavioural problems

1.5.8 耳聋 Deafness

1.5.9 多灶性神经病 Multifocal neurological disease

1.6 眼部既往症状 Ocular historical signs

1.6.1 失明/视觉损害 Blindness/visual impairment

1.6.2 泪溢/泪过多 Epiphora/tear overflow

1.7 肌肉骨骼系统既往症状 Musculoskeletal historical signs

1.7.1 前肢跛行 Forelimb lameness

1.7.2 后肢跛行 Hind limb lameness

1.7.3 多关节/肢跛行 Multiple joint/limb lameness

1.8 生殖系统既往症状 Reproductive historical signs

1.8.1 不发情 Failure to observe oestrus

1.8.2 发情无规律 Irregular seasons

1.8.3 发情期正常的雌性不孕 Infertility in the female with normal oestrus

1.8.4 雄性不育 Male infertility

1.8.5 阴道/阴门分泌物 Vaginal/vulval discharge

1.8.6 流产 Abortion

1.8.7 难产 Dystocia

1.8.8 新生儿死亡 Neonatal mortality

1.9 泌尿系统既往症状 Urological historical signs

1.9.1 尿频/尿痛/痛性尿淋漓 Pollakiuria/dysuria/stranguria

1.9.2 多尿/多饮 Polyuria/polydipsia

1.9.3 无尿/少尿 Anu ria/oliguria

1.9.4 血尿 Haematuria

1.9.5 尿失禁/排尿不当 Urinary incontinence/inappropriate urination

第二部分 体征 Physical Signs

2.1 泛发性/各种体征 General/miscellaneous physical signs

2.1.1 体温异常一高热 Abnormalities of bodv temperature hyperthermia

2.1.2 体温异常一体温过低 Abnormalities of body temperature-hypothermia

2.1.3 淋巴结增大 Enlarged lymph nodes

2.1.4 弥散性疼痛 Diffuse pain

2.1.5 外周水肿 Peripheral oedema

2.1.6 高血压 Hypertension

2.1.7 低血压 Hypotension

2.2 胃肠/腹部体征 Gastrointestinal/abdominal physical signs

2.2.1 口腔病变 Oral lesions

2.2.2 腹部膨大 Abdominal distension

2.2.3 腹部疼痛 Abdominal pain

2.2.4 肛周肿胀 Perianal swelling

2.2.5 黄疸 Jaundice

2.2.6 肝脏触诊异常 Abnormal liver palpation

2.3 心肺系统体征 Cardiorespiratory physical signs

2.3.1 呼吸困难/呼吸急促Dyspnoea/tachypnoea

2.3.2 苍白 Pallor

2.3.3 休克 Shock

2.3.4 发绀 Cyanosis

2.3.5 腹水 Ascites

2.3.6 外周水肿 Peripheral oedema

2.3.7 呼吸音异常 Abnormal respiratory sounds

2.3.8 心音异常 Abnormal heart sounds

2.3.9 心率异常 Abnormalities in heart rate

2.3.10 颈静脉扩张/肝颈静脉反流阳性 Jugular distension/positive hepatojugular reflux

2.3.11 颈静脉脉搏异常 Jugular pulse components

2.3.12 动脉脉搏改变 Alterations in arterial pulse

2.4 皮肤症状 Dermatological signs

2.4.1 皮屑 Scaling

2.4.2 脓疱和丘疹(包括粟粒状皮炎)Pustules and papules(including miliary dermatitis)

2.4.3 结节 Nodules

2.4.4 色素异常(被毛或皮肤)Pigmentation disorders(coat or skin)

2.4.5 脱毛 Alopecia

2.4.6 糜烂/溃疡性皮肤病 Erosive/ulcerative skin disease

2.4.7 外耳炎 Otitis externa

2.4.8 爪部皮炎 Pododermatitis

2.4.9 爪部异常 Disorders of the claws

2.4.10 肛囊/肛周疾病 Anal sac/perianal disease

2.5 神经系统症状 Neurological signs

2.5.1 脑神经反应异常 Abnormal cranial nerve(CN)responses

2.5.2 前庭疾病 Vestibular disease

2.5.3 霍纳氏综合征 Horner`s syndrome

2.5.4 半边忽略综合征(前脑功能障碍q.v.)Hemineglect syndrome

2.5.5 脊柱异常 Spinal disorders

2.6 眼部症状 Ocular signs

2.6.1 红眼 Red eye

2.6.2 角膜浑浊 Corneal opacification

2.6.3 角膜溃疡/糜烂 Corneal ulceration/erosion

2.6.4 晶状体病变 Lens lesions

2.6.5 视网膜病变 Retinal lesions

2.6.6眼内出血/眼前房出血 Intraocular haemorrhage/hyphaema

2.6.7 前房形态异常 Abnormal appearance of anterior chamber

2.7 肌肉骨骼系统症状 Musculoskeletal signs

2.7.1 肌肉萎缩或肥大 Muscular atrophy or hypertrophy

2.7.2 牙关紧闭("锁颌")Trismus("lockjaw")

2.7.3 无力 Weakness

2.8 泌尿生殖系统体征 Urogenital physical signs

2.8.1 肾触诊异常 Kidneys abnormal on palpation

2.8.2 膀胱异常 Bladder abnormalities

2.8.3 前列腺触诊异常 Prostate abnormal on palpation

2.8.4 子宫触诊异常 Uterus abnormal on palpation

2.8.5 睾丸异常 Testicular abnormalities

2.8.6 阴茎异常 Penis abnormalities

第三部分 X线影向超声声像 Radiographic and Ultrasonographic Signs

第四部分 实验室指标 Laboratory Findings

第五部分 电断定测试 Electrodinagnostic Testing

第六部分 诊断程序 Diagnostic procedures

第七部分 诊断流程 Diagnostic Algorithms