Lesson One

Text

Sewing Machines

This is a sewing machine. A sewing machine is an instrument which you use to sew pieces of cloth together. It is a mechanical device for sewing fabric and other materials. These sewing machines are all made in our country. We have many kinds of sewing machines now. Some of them can be used for sewing fabrics and pieces of clothes, some of them can be used for buttonholes, and some of them can be used for stitching buttons on clothes. This is a sewing machine body. Those are sewing machine parts and accessories. This is a bobbin. A bobbin is a small spool on which thread is wound. Here is a bobbin case. That is a needle. It is a sewing machine needle. It is used to join pieces of cloth with thread. Sewing machines are very important and useful instruments in our work. We use sewing machines to make up garments and other things. Sewing machines give us a lot of help in our work. Some sewing machines have been introduced to simplify the work. We use sewing machines every day. Sewing machines are our good friends. A good sewing machine can perform more efficiently than a large group of people.

New Words and Expressions

sewing machine缝纫机

instrument 器具

sew...together 将……缝在一起

pieces of cloth 衣片

mechanical device 机械装置

fabric 布料

buttonhole 纽洞

button 纽扣

sewing machine body 机身

make up garments 缝制服装

bobbin 梭芯

spool 线轴

thread 线

wind 缠绕

bobbin case 梭壳

needle 针

simplify 简化

sewing machine needle 缝纫机针

join 结合

efficiently 有效地

Notes to the Text

1. A sewing machine is an instrument which you use to sew pieces of cloth together. 缝纫机是一种将布料缝在一起的机械。

2. ...mechanical device 机械装置。

3. A bobbin is a small spool on which thread is wound. 梭芯是绕线的小线轴。

4. Some sewing machines have been introduced to simplify the work. 许多缝纫机引进后简化了工作。

5. sewing machine parts and accessories 缝纫机零配件。

6. A good machine can perform more efficiently than a large group of people. 一台好缝纫机的效率超过许多人。

Substitution Drills

1These are bobbin cases

bobbins

sewing machine parts.2Those are sewing machine bodies

sewing machine parts and accessories.

3These sewing machines

computers

steam irons are all made in our country.

4

Sewing machines

Computers

Steam ironsare very important and useful instruments in our work.

5We use

sewing machines

needles

bobbinsevery day.

Exercises to the Text

1.反复朗读并抄写本课单词。

2.牢记本课词组和句型。

3.翻译下列词组:

1)bobbin case

2)sewing machine needle

3)simplify our work

4)sew pieces of cloth together

5)important and useful instrument

6)make up a jacket

7)wind the thread on the bobbin

8)a large group of students

4.将下列短语译成英语：

1)将……缝在一起

2)衣片

3)缝纫机针

4)棉线

5)梭壳

6)一块料子

7)简化工作

8)梭壳

5.翻译：

1)我们有很多缝纫机零配件。

2)他正在往梭芯上绕线。

3)这些缝纫机都是中国制造的。

4)缝纫机在我们工作中很重要。

5)那些是缝纫机针和手工针。

6)她正在缝一块料子。

7)有些缝纫机用来钉扣子。

8)他在擦缝纫机机身。

Lesson One

Grammar

Parts of Speech 词类

英语中的词可以根据词义、形式特征及其在句子中的作用分为十大词类。

以下列表的十大词类中，前六种可在句子中独立担任成分(如名词可作主语、宾语等，动词可作谓语等)，称为实义词(Notional Words)。后四种中的冠词、介词、连词和感叹词在句子中不能独立担任任何成分，称为虚词(Form Words)。感叹词一般不构成句子的一部分，因而可视为特殊的一类。

英语中的词，所属词类不同，形态变化也会随之不同。学习单词时必须注意它的词类和词形变化。有些词还可以属于几个词类。例如：work(工作：动词和名词)；fast(快：副词和形容词)。

词类英语名称及缩略形式作用例词

名词Nouns (n.)表示人或事物的名称sweater,China,shopassistant

形容词Adjectives (adj.)表示人或事物的特征、形状和性质green,small,good

数词Numerals (num.)表示数目或顺序one,ten,second,eighth

代词Pronouns (pron.)用于代替名词，数词等one,it,many

动词Verbs (v.)表示人或事物的动作或状态go,buy,know

副词Adverbs (adv.)表示动作特征或行为特征hard,very,carefully

冠词Articles (art.)用在名词前，帮助说明其意义有不定冠词a,an和定冠词the

介词Prepositions (prep.)用在名词、代词等前面，说明它与别的词之间的关系in,on,of

连词Conjunctions (conj.)用来连接词与词或句与句and,but

感叹词Interjections (int.)表示说话时的感情oh,ah,well

Grammar Exercises

1写出下列单词的词类：

finewhetherearlyverywanttwenty

wheremachineonbigknowbutton

workershallmeChina

2写出下列句子中单词的词类：

例：MissLi is asaleswoman.

n.n. v. art. n.

1) Jane is from America.

2) She bought a new nice sweater.

3) My mother works at the First Garment Store.

4) Shanghai is a beautiful city.

5) I often go along Nanjing Road.

Conversation

Sewing Machines and Needles 缝纫机和针

1

A: What are they?

B: They are needles. These are hand needles. Those are sewing machine needles.

A: What`s the difference between hand needles and sewing machine needles?

B: Hand needles are used for needlework while sewing machine needles are on the sewing machines used in sewing machine work.

A: I see. They are both sharp and pointed.

B: They are very important tools in making up garments, and we must take care of them when we are using them in our sewing work.

2

A: It is a sewing machine, isn`t it?

B: Yes. This is the sewing machine body. That is a bobbin case. These are bobbins. Those are sewing machine parts.

A: What`s the usage of a sewing machine?

B: We use sewing machine to make up garments and other things.

A: It is great fun making up garments.

B: Yes. It`s interesting. It gives me great pleasure to make up a garment. But accidents usually happen to those who have neglected to observe the rules of work. So we must pay attention to safety. Safety first!

A: I`ll remember it.

New Words and Expressions

hand needle手工针

machine needle 缝纫机针

needlework 手工活

sharp 锋利的

pointed 尖的

usage 用途

……